
“Female Rappers and Their Gods” explores the differences in how Lauryn Hill, Lil Kim, Foxy Brown, and Trina lyrically describe their relationships with God. Lauryn Hill describes a dominant/submissive relationship with her God who frequently punishes her for her sins. The other female rappers threaten their enemies with bodily harm, engage in salacious sex, and generally appear unremorseful for any of their actions, yet they describe God as a protector figure who supports them regardless of their behavior. In the lecture, I make sense of these differences by considering women’s roles in the history of hip hop, black women’s traditional roles in the black church, and black women’s self-descriptions as superwomen. I also investigate the similarities and differences between black women’s relationships with God and black women’s relationships with their male lovers and fathers.
Ebony A. Utley, Ph.D. is an Assistant Professor of Communication Studies at California State University, Long Beach and author of the forthcoming book The Gangsta’s God: The Quest for Respectability in Hip Hop (Praeger 2010) as well as co-editor of the fall 2009 “Hip Hop’s Languages of Love” special issue of the journal Women and Language. Utley’s essays have been published in Critical Studies in Media Communication, The Western Journal of Black Studies, and Rhetoric and Public Affairs.
Whether researching hip hop or love relationships, Utley focuses on how African Americans express themselves and establish relationships despite histories of slavery, patriarchy, and invalidating media representations. Utley frequently incorporates her interests in race and identity into courses on hip hop, popular culture, gender, and rhetorical criticism.
Utley was graduated from Indiana University Bloomington with a B.A. in speech communication, a certificate in journalism, and minors in Spanish and English. She immediately entered graduate school as a Jacob K. Javits fellow at Northwestern University in the communication studies department in the rhetoric and civic culture program. She received both her M.A. and Ph.D. from Northwestern. During her dissertation year, she was a Washington State University Summer Doctoral Fellow and an Arnold L. Mitchem Fellow at Marquette University in the department of social and cultural sciences.